Lars P. Syll

Auch wenn nur wenige ÖkonomInnen aus dieser Epoche sich explizit zu einem aprioristisch-platonischen Wahrheitsbegriff bekannt haben mögen (eine Ausnahme bildet Ludwig Mises), erlangte die ohnehin von großem Selbstvertrauen getragene Eigendarstellung der frühen Neoklassik spätestens mit den 1930er Jahren eine neue Qualität, die den wesentlichen Inhalt zentraler neoklassischer Theoreme als unwiderlegbar deklarierte. So schrieb etwa Lionel Robbins in seinem tausendfach zitierten...

External validity and experiments — a Faustian bargain Under control conditions bed nets have been shown to be highly effective in preventing malaria: Households randomly “treated” with bed nets experience a reduction in malaria incidence relative to households randomly allocated to control conditions. These controlled experiments identify the “effects of causes”, in this case bed net use reduces malaria incidence. Based on this evidence, numerous programs...

Why monetary policies are impotent Even if interest-rate cuts at all points proximately increase demand, there are substantial grounds for concern if this effect is weak. It may be that any short-run demand benefit is offset by the adverse effects of lower rates on subsequent performance … From a macro perspective, low interest rates promote leverage and asset bubbles by reducing borrowing costs and discount factors, and encouraging investors to reach for...

Expected utility theory and ergodicity — poor guides to decision-making Behavioural scientists generally explore decision making using simple gambles with “additive dynamics.” In each gamble, a person wins or loses fixed amounts of money – say, gaining £1 for a win, and losing £0.50 for a loss. Gambles of this kind turn out to be “ergodic” in the sense that averages over the possible outcomes really are equal to averages over time if the gamble is played...

Wie konnten sie diesen Präsidenten wählen? Gregg Popovich sagt: “Der Mann im Oval Office ist ein seelenloser Feigling, der denkt, er könne groß werden, indem er andere erniedrigt.” Er sagt: “Wir haben einen pathologischen Lügner im Weißen Haus.” Er sagt auch: “Ich würde mich besser fühlen, wenn jemand dieses Amt bekleiden würde, der die Reife sowie das psychologische und emotionale Level gezeigt hat, das andere in seinem Alter haben.” Und: “Unser Land ist...

It is clearly the case that experienced modellers could easily come up with significantly different models based on the same set of data thus undermining claims to researcher-independent objectivity. This has been demonstrated empirically by Magnus and Morgan (1999) who conducted an experiment in which an apprentice had to try to replicate the analysis of a dataset that might have been carried out by three different experts (Leamer, Sims, and Hendry) following their published...

Marxisme culturel — histoire d’une notion Cette expression connaît aussi un usage savant, surtout aux Etats-Unis. Dans ce cadre, il désigne un courant de pensée inspirée par l’œuvre de Karl Marx, qui fonde sa critique de la société non pas seulement sur une analyse des inégalités générées par le système de production économique, mais aussi sur l’aliénation qu’il engendre à travers la culture entendue au sens large – les arts, la publicité, la vie politique,...

Economics — a primary reason for the rise of inequality In 2004, the Nobel laureate Robert Lucas warned against any revival of efforts to reduce inequality. “Of the tendencies that are harmful to sound economics, the most seductive, and in my opinion the most poisonous, is to focus on questions of distribution.” Accounts of the rise of inequality often take a fatalistic view. The problem is described as a natural consequence of capitalism, or it is blamed...

Why attractive people you date tend​ to be jerks Have you ever noticed that, among the people you date, the attractive ones tend to be jerks? Instead of constructing elaborate psychosocial theories, consider a simpler explanation. Your choice of people to date depends on two factors, attractiveness and personality. You’ll take a chance on dating a mean attractive person or a nice unattractive person, and certainly a nice attractive person, but not a mean...

Richard Feynman — le grand explicateur  [embedded content]